A case of 50 yr old lady with Rheumatoid arthritis

 

This is an online E log book to discuss our patient’s de-identified data shared after taking his/her/guardian’s signed informed consent.”


FINAL EXAMINATION LONG CASE:

A 50 year old lady ,resident of Nalgonda, who is a home maker came to the OPD with chief complaints of pain and stiffness in several joints since 1 year.

History of present illness:

She was apparently asymptomatic 10 years ago, then she developed a dulling aching type of pain and stiffness in her finger joints(Metacarpo-phalangeal joints-MCP) of right hand with limitations of movements at the joints.

Then within 6 months of onset,the disease progressed to involve other joints of the right hand and left hand as well( both wrist joint and elbow joint) 

Within 4 years of onset ,she started feeling pain in the joints of the feet and ankle joint. 

Since 3 months the pain became unbearable limiting  her activities

The pain was insidious in onset, slowly progressive, dull aching type of pain, non radiating, associated with swelling, stiffness and limitations of movements in the involved joints.

Stiffness and pain was more in the first 1 hour of waking up and gradually improved on movement.

There are few exacerbations associated with fever and sometimes with nodules over distal ulna.

  • No deformities 
  • No loss of weight.
  • No involvement of distal interphalangeal joint
  • No butterfly rash
  • No abnormal jerky movements (chorea)


Past history:

She has no similar complaints 10 years ago. 

Hypertensive since 2years

Diabetic since 2years

No history of thyroid, Asthma,

Drug history:

No known drug allergies 

Menstrual history:

  • Menarch: 13 years 
  • Regular 29 day cycles 
  • Menopause: 47 years 

Family history:

No similar complaints


Personal history :

Diet: mixed 

Appetite: normal 

Bowel and bladder: regular 

Sleep: adequate 

No addictions 


GENERAL EXAMINATION: 

Patient is conscious,coherent and cooperative 

Moderately built and Moderately nourished 

  • No pallor
  • No icterus 
  • No cyanosis ,no clubbing ,no koilonychia
  • No lymphadenopathy 
  • No odema 

VITALS: 

Temperature: afebrile 

•Blood pressure: 115/70

•Respiratory rate: 15 cycles/mins

•Pulse rate: 76bpm




LOCAL EXAMINATION:

INSPECTION:

☆Skin : No pigmentation 

No scars 

No atrophic changes 

☆Nails: normal 

☆Soft tissues: swelling over the joints 

☆Deformities : no deformities 


PALPATION:

☆Skin: warm

☆Tenderness over the joint (squeeze test)

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JtFtvpM66OVZpkylb8YngfJZCuzfgmrY/view?usp=drivesdk



☆Sensations are preserved 

☆Soft tissues: no edema 

☆Joint capsule: mild swelling over the joint 

☆Movements: 

•Decreased range of movements at PIP, MCP, wrist, elbow, ankle joints 

•All active and passive movements at the involved joints and painful


EXTRA ARTICULAR MANIFESTATIONS:

Eye: no ocular manifestations (episcleritis,scleritis, keratoconjuctivitis)

Ear: no hearing loss 

Muscle: no muscle atrophy 

GIT: no xerostomia, no parotid gland enlargement ,no dysphasia. 

No lymphadenopathy 


SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION 

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

☆Apex beat: 5th intercostal space lateral to midclavicular line 

☆S1 and s2 heard 

☆JVP normal

☆Pedal edema: absent 


RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

☆Breath sounds: normal 

☆No additional breath sounds 


CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

☆Cranial nerves intact 

☆Reflexes preserved

☆Sensations preserved 

☆Joint position sense: intact 

ABDOMEN

☆No abnormal findings found


DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

1. Rheumatoid arthritis 

2.Osteoarthritis

INVESTIGATIONS:

1. Complete blood picture 

2. ESR 

3. CRP

4. Rheumatoid factor 

5. Antibodies

6.Liver function tests 

7. Renal function tests 

8. Urine examination 

9. X-ray 

☆Synovial fluid analysis, synovial biopsy,arthroscopy rarely


X ray Findings: 
1. Decreased joint space 
2.osteoporosis 
3. Mild erosions 


•Rheumatoid factor: strongly positive 
•Anti CCP antibodies: negative


•C-Reactive protein: positive 

•ESR: Elevated

•Normocytic,normochromic anemia
•Thrombocytosis.

PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS:
           ""RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ""








TREATMENT:
1. Tab. Methyl prednisolone 8mg 
2. Inj.Hydrocortisone 100mg
3. Inj.Tramadol hydrochloride 100 ml
4.Tab.hydrochloroquine 200mg od

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

VIRAL PYREXIA UNDER EVALUATION

A CASE OF ACUTE URINARY RETENTION UNDER EVALUATION

A case of 56 year old male with chronic kidney failure